What are nasal polyps, and how can they influence upper respiratory function?

• A. Growths in nasal tissue that enhance airflow
• B. Growths in the nasal mucosa obstructing airflow
• C. Inflammatory responses that clear mucus
• D. Swelling of the throat impacting voice quality

Answer: (B)

Nasal polyps are benign, soft outgrowths of the nasal mucosa that extend into the nasal passages and sinus openings. As they grow, they crowd the nasal space and narrow the airways, which reduces airflow through the nose and can impair drainage from the sinuses. This often leads to chronic nasal congestion, a sense of nasal blockage, and a diminished sense of smell. They are the result of ongoing inflammation rather than something that actively clears mucus, and they are not swelling of the throat or tissues involved in voice production. Treatments focus on reducing inflammation and shrinking or removing the polyps to restore normal airflow and sinus drainage.