Which of the following factors is associated with a higher risk of developing OSA?

• A. Low blood pressure
• B. Male gender
• C. High athletic performance
• D. Non-smoking status

Answer: (B)

The association of male gender with a higher risk of developing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is well-established in medical literature. Studies indicate that men are more likely to exhibit characteristics that predispose them to OSA, such as a higher likelihood of having increased neck circumference, obesity, and specific patterns of fat distribution, particularly around the neck and throat. These anatomical features can contribute to airway obstruction during sleep.

In contrast, factors like low blood pressure are not typically linked to OSA; in fact, many patients with OSA may experience hypertension. High athletic performance is also generally associated with better physical conditioning and lower risk factors for OSA, while non-smoking status is protective against various respiratory issues, including OSA. Therefore, male gender stands out as a significant risk factor for the development of obstructive sleep apnea.